Black and White Paper Guide
 


FOMA 
FOMASPEED 

BLACK-AND-WHITE ENLARGEMENT PAPER ON RC BASE 

General 
FOMASPEED is universal high sensitive black-and-white enlarging paper on resin coated medium weight paper base. It is made of silver chlorobromide emulsion with neutral to mildly warm image tone. The paper is noted for its rich half-tone scale from shiny white to saturated black. Its high speed makes possible to use larger lens diaphragm values even at enlarging on large sheet sizes. The emulsion layer containing developing agents enables rapid machine processing and shortening of the manual developing time to 60-90 s at 20C. Regarding the resin coating on the paper base and the thin emulsion layer, less absorption and carrying over of the processing solutions take place. The washing and drying times are significantly reduced. 
These results considerably increase the output productivity and save chemicals and water. 
The paper is available in glossy, matt, fine grained lustre surfaces and contrast range from soft to hard (1 - 4) and wide range of sheet and roll sizes. 

Safelight 
The paper can be handled for longer periode under red safelight or under sodium vapour lamp. Safelight fitted with yellow-green or orange filters is also suitable. However for standard darkroom illumination Kodak OC, Osram Duka 50, Agfa G 7, Durst Sanat or Ilford 902 filters can be used. 

Exposure 
FOMASPEED is suitable for exposure in all types of enlargers and printers fitted with tungsten or tungsten-halogen lamps or common cold light sources. Other light sources can be used, but tests to determine the optimum exposure must be done. 

Processing 
FOMASPEED is suitable for processing in roller processors as well as in trays. Various common developers can be used. For neutral image tone FOMATOL LON, FOMATOL P, NEUTOL LIQUID NE, PQ UNIVERSAL, DEKTOL etc. are recommended. Developers for multigrade papers can be also used. 

Tray Processing : 
 
Process 
sequence
Process bath 
 
Time 
 
Temperature 
C
Developer FOMATOL LQN  1+7 60 - 90 s 20
Stop bath 2 % acetic acid 10 s 20
Fixer FOMAFIX  1+7 60 - 90 s 20
Acidic fixing bath 3 min 20
Wash Running water 2 min 
4 min
above 12 
bellow 12
Machine processing 
  
Process 
sequence
Process bath 
 
Time 
 
Temp. 
C
Developer FOMATOL LQN  1+4 25 -35 s 30
Stop bath 2 % acetic acid 20 s not critical
Fixer FOMAFIX  1+4 25 - 35 s 30
Wash Running water 60 s 30
Drying: The paper is suitable for hot drying up to 85C. 
   
Image Tones 
The silver chlorobromide emulsion of FOMASPEED renders neutral to warm black image, when developed in standard developers. Image tones can be varied with use of appropriate developers. 

Chemical Toning 
Toning processes convert the black image to a different colour. There are two toning methods, direct and indirect. Direct toning converts the silver image to a different silver compound in one operation. The indirect one involves bleaching first. A second solution creates a new image consisting of a silver compound with a different colour. FOMASPEED is suitable for both direct and indirect methods. For the standard process the indirect method is recommended. The sepia tone is very popular. FOMATONER SEPIA set is useful for this purpose. Tone changes are reached by temperature controlling of the toning bath: 
 
temperature (C) Image tone
bellow 20 a lighter, yellow brown
20 - 30  a deeper, mildly warm brown
above 30  a deep, cold brown
 

Technical Data 
Grade ISO SPEED ISO RANGE D-max
1 400 120 2,1
2 400 100 2,1 
3 400 80 2,1
4 400 60 2,1
5 200 50 2,1
ISO RANGE: 
It is term for the greatest exposure latitude at the defined maximum and minimum density, in which details can be distinguished both in the shadows and in the highlights. Hard grade papers are suitable for low contrast negatives with shorter density latitude. Soft grade papers have a greater ISO range, suitable for copying from hard contrast negatives with great density latitude. 

D-max : The values are valid for glossy surface. The other surfaces show lower D-max. 
 
 

Spectral Sensitivity 
 

Density Curves 
 

Storage 
FOMASPEED is recommended to store in a cool, dry place in its original packing at temperature bellow 20C and relative humidity between 50 and 60 %. No harmful gases and fumes should penetrate into the storage room. 
 

 

 
Artzone Index We express our gratitude to K. Theocharis Bros. , distributor of FOMA papers in Greece for giving to us the permission to present the above material. 


Concept and Design by Elias Eliadis
Copyright © 1998 Black & White Art Zone- Paperzone. All Rights Reserved. 
First published date 15 July 1998 

 

Paperzone Index
* K. Theocharis Bros.  
25 Lekka str. Athens 10562, Greece,  
Tel: +301 3236393  Fax: +301 3247593